Disc subcircular; anteriormargin uniformly convex; snout short, very obtuse, tip not pointed; tail short, relatively broad-based, depressed, tapering rapidly at sting; disc surface ofadults covered with short, star-shaped denticles (nothorns); ventral tail fold prominent, extending to tailtip, several times deeper than tail above; dorsal tail fold absent. Body colour is dorsal surface mottled black and white (sometimes uniformly brownish or black); ventral surface of disc uniformly pale; skin fold and tail uniformly black behind sting.