Cells have a cylindrical shape and are wider in width than in length. These cells are densely silicified. They are connected in chains of different lengths through marginal linking spines and interlocking ridges and grooves on the flat valve surface. These linking structures can be observed when the cells are viewed in water mounts. There are two types of valves present: separation valves that do not possess the linking spines and linking valves. In light micrographs, the external openings of the strutted processes are visible as granules. Additionally, a multitude of chloroplasts within the cells appear as small disc-like structures when viewed under a light microscope.